Glycerol

= = melissa m. Block: E

= Glycerol  [ glis - uh -rawl, -rol ]    =

= History =

[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Glycerol-3DModel.png width="140" height="148" align="right"]]

 * Carl Wilhelm Scheele a Swedish chemist created the first glycerol in 1783 from olive oil


 * ==== Until 1948, all glycerol was gained as a by-product in soap making  ====

= What Is Glycerol? =

[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Glycerol-3D-vdW.png width="138" height="89" align="left"]]
Glycerol is commercially known as glycerin or glycerine. The word glycerol came from the Greek word glykys which means sweet.The chemical formula is HOCH2CHOHCH2OH or C3H5(OH)3. The IUPAC name is propane-1,2,3-triol, and the CAS number is 8043-29-6. ====Glycerol is an odourless organic compound that's transparent, colourless, and a thicksweet-tasting liquid that belongs to the alcohol family. Glycerol contains three hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups, which allows it to be soluble in water and have a hygroscopic nature. Glycerol is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. A bottle of glycerin that’s exposed to air would eventually become 80% glycerin, and 20% water. ====

= Glycerol at 20 Degrees Celsius =

Food energy: 4.32 kcal/g-1
= What Glycerol Can Do = ==== Glycerol may be used as a sugar substitute. A teaspoon of glycerol has 27 calories and is 60% as sweet as sucrose. Even though it has the same food energy of table sugar, glycerol is healthier. It will not increase blood sugar levels or cause dental cavities. Consumed ====

==== glycerol may be used as stored fat in the body which could then be used as a source of energy. The energy provided could then be used for cellular metabolism. Glycerol helps relieve constipation by softening hard feces. ==== = How Glycerol is Made =

= 100% Glycerol Health Effects = ====May cause eye or skin irritation. If contact with eyes, flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. If contact with skin, flush with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes and cleanse before reuse. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists.==== ====If a large amount of glycerol is ingested, it may cause gastrointestinal irritation and headaches.If ingested, do not attempt to vomit. Never give anything to an unconscious person. If conscious, drink 2-4 cups of milk or water. If irritation or symptoms occur, get medical aid.==== ====Inhaling a mist of glycerol may cause respiratory tract irritation. If inhaled, get fresh air immediately and away from the source. If not breathing, give artificial respiration, and give oxygen if breathing is difficult. If cough or other symptoms appear, get medical aid.====

= = = Uses = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Homemade Glycerin Soap =
 * ==== Resins and gums for paints and protective coatings ====
 * ==== Explosives ====
 * ==== The reaction of Glycerin, nitric, and sulfuric acid produces explosive nitroglycerin ====
 * ==== Glycerol is in emulsifiers, which are used as softening agents, plasticize, and stabilizers ====
 * ==== As a moisturizing agent ====
 * ==== Mouthwash ====
 * ==== Cough medicine ====
 * ==== Drug solvent ====
 * ==== Serums ====
 * ==== Vaccines ====
 * ==== Glycerol is used as a protective medium for freezing living tissues ====
 * ==== Such as, red blood cells, sperm cells and eye corneas ====

====Homemade glycerin soap is translucent and is made from byproduct of fat and lye. Glycerin soap contains great moisturizing properties and is an excellent de-greaser. This soap can be made by cold or hot process, melt and pour process, and re-batching. The melt and pour process is the easiest and least time consuming making it favourable because the main ingredient needed is the glycerin soap base.====

Refrigerate product to prevent the oils from going unpleasant. It will also add a cooling effect.
= = = Bibliography =

Harman, W. Dean. "Glycerol." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2010. Web. 3 June 2010.

"Glycerin." Britannica Student Encyclopedia. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 2 June 2010 .

"glycerol." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 2 June 2010 .

"alcohol." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 2 June 2010 .

Batch, The. "Holiday Projects: Melt & Pour Soap." //The Natural Beauty Workshop//. Web. 4 June 2010. .

"File:Glycerol-3DModel.png." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Web. 4 June 2010. .

"File:Glycerol-3D-vdW.png." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Web. 4 June 2010. .

"Glycerin, CAS Number: 8043-29-6." //Chemical Search Engine//. Web. 29 May 2010. .

"Glycerol Encyclopedia Topics | Reference.com." //Homepage | Reference.com//. Web. 2 June 2010. .

"Glycerol Facts, Information, Pictures | Encyclopedia.com Articles about Glycerol." //Encyclopedia - Online Dictionary | Encyclopedia.com: Get Facts, Articles, Pictures, Video//. Web. 2 June 2010. .

"Glycerol." //The Worlds of David Darling//. Web. 2 June 2010. .

"Homemade Soap Making: Make Your Own Liquid Glycerine Soap." //Essortment Articles: Free Online Articles on Health, Science, Education & More..// Web. 29 June 2010. .

//HTML REDIRECT//. Web. 2 June 2010. .

Kotrba, Ron. "Crude Glycerine." //Flash Intro Page//. Web. 4 June 2010. <http://www.biofuelstechnologyllc.com/Crude_Glycerine.html>.

//Royal Society of Chemistry, the Largest Organisation in Europe for Advancing the Chemical Sciences//. Web. 4 June 2010. <http://www.rsc.org/>.

"What Are the Best Methods for Glycerin Soap Making?" //WiseGEEK: Clear Answers for Common Questions//. Web. 29 May 2010. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-best-methods-for-glycerin-soap-making.htm>.